When viewed through an economic lens, poverty can be defined as an absence of resources. Since 1995, Framework's basic premise has been that the middle class misunderstandings of those who work with children and adults in poverty are often ill-suited for connecting with people and helping them build up resources to rise out of poverty. This revised, updated and expanded edition of Framework features an enhanced chapter on instruction and achievement; greater emphasis on the thinking, communication, and learning patterns involved in breaking out of poverty; plentiful citations, case studies, and data; more detailed findings about interventions, resources, and causes of poverty.